- News brands want exclusivity!!
- Continuity(over multiple days)
- editors oversee all stories and make sure info is true
- Newspapers have regulators - if you see false news you can contact regulators to take it down
- sources are vital to newspapers and they typically try to protect their sources so they can keep receiving stories
Echo chambers - only listening to news you are targeted to see - like social media feeds run by algorithms that show what they think you'll like
Fake news is essentially poison to news brands and they try to completely eradicate it from their companies by editors and regulators investigating their sources
'If the product is free, you are the product'
3 parts to making news
Production - how its made - media source/content/location - print is always 24 hrs. behind internet
Distribution - expensive for newspapers however internet is essentially free or very cheap
Marketing - How news brands tell potential customers about their product.
Media Barons - Wealthy individuals who own one or more newspapers
Trusts - Legal arrangements where finances from the owner are sent to trustees to manage control - no editorial input
Cross Media Conglomerates - huge global institutions who own numerous media outlets - owned by individuals or groups
The guardian only has under 3% of the market share despite being a fairly popular newspaper. This is due to the sheer size of the top 3 news companies
Role of the Editor -
- Sifting the info
- Select and omit stories based on what will appeal to their audiences
- Protective coverage - Withholding info on grounds of harming powerful people/the public or could impede a current criminal investigation
Guardian - Katharine Viner
The Daily Mail - Ted Verity(since 2021) and Gerrard Greaves (the online paper)
The Daily Mail online publishes 3000+ articles daily
On average, the Daily Mail outsells the Guardian by 10 times
4 Ways Newspapers Make Money
- Physical sales
- Adverts
- Digital subscriptions
- User data sales
- paid articles
- Donations - common in left wing papers (guardian relies on these heavily)
- Paywalls - need to spend money to view digital articles(more right wing)
- Negativity
- Recency
- Exclusivity
- Size/amount of people involved/affected
- Proximity to audience
- Continuity
- Uniqueness
- Simplicity
- Expectedness - audience essentially
- Elite nations/people
- Personalization
Steve Neale -
-Genres are not fixed but constantly evolved
-Genres influence each other and sometimes hybridize
-Products that link to the genre, share the genre conventions creating an intertextual relay
Tabloidization -
Some papers have reduced sheet size to save money - no longer broadsheet
Some broadsheets follow tabloid conventions and present their news differently
called dual convergence
Paul Gilroy
- Believes the past British colonialization still affects Britain today
- People see others (non British white cis) as essentially inferior
- Shown in newspapers today (migrant crisis)
- Binary Opposites - represented completely different despite having similar meanings
- Creates conflict/drama or communicate meaning
- Present in the news
- Makes viewer believe what they have/are is BETTER
- Semiology - symbolism
- How ideologies are so widely accepted
- repurposed popular culture to create 'myths' with new and diff meanings
- across media - if you strip an image from media/context it has NO MEANING
Cognitive Dissonance
Disconnected thinking - knowing something to be right and doing the opposite - fake news/smoking
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